It is necessary to see African timber market's situation and analysis
I. introduction of African timber resources
African tropical rain forest resources are extremely rich, the forest coverage rate reached 21% of the total area of Africa, is second only to Latin America, the world's second largest tropical rain forest, Gabon, Cameroon, Nigeria, west Africa, central Africa Dr Congo, Congo, Rwanda is rich in timber.
According to organization of African wood, timber reserves in Africa, a total of 250 million hectares, the recoverable amount of wood as much as 10 billion cubic meters, 90% of them focused on the organization of African wood 14 member state. The share of Africa's timber exports in the world's tropical timber trade has fallen from two-thirds in the 1980s to 7% today. More than 45% of the African tropical timber products still log export (for less than 10% in Asia, Latin America is almost 0), the remaining 55% or more for pretreating saw, cut timber, if Africa, Asia and Latin America's tropical timber export value together, Africa in raw wood products accounted for 10% to 15%, in deep processing of wood products accounted for only 1%, while in the log export accounted for nearly 40%. In addition, Africa in its raw saw, cut timber and cover sheet, with only 40% and 40% respectively for further processing, and the proportion were 80% and 20% respectively in Asia, while in Latin America were 93% and 94% respectively.
Due to the low utilization rate, many timber resources are consumed naturally, which is a pity. According to experts, the amount of wood a Congolese gold consumes each year is equivalent to the annual demand for wood in our country. Some rare wood such as rosewood, rosewood, rosewood, mahogany, mahogany and so on are valued. In Africa, the timber industry is priced in terms of length, and when it comes to the bar, it throws back a meter. For Chinese companies, is just a part of section, it is used for furniture and crafts.
Africa has many precious wood varieties, such as peach core, good luster, with natural wood fragrance, suitable for advanced furniture and floors. African case (African pineapple case) high strength, dry shrink, very resistant to decay, suitable for car and ship interior decorative panels, instruments, sports equipment. Burma eggplant strong acid resistance for heavy construction, port construction, shipbuilding materials, chemical barrels, etc. Heavy yellow biliary wood has good processing performance and is suitable for shipbuilding, sleepers, wharf and construction materials, etc., it can replace red iron wood. Old rosewood has good luster and aroma, it is a valuable material for carving, which can be used as luxury furniture, carving furniture, carving crafts, etc.
2. African timber organization (ATO)
Formerly known as African forestry economy and timber sales organization, 1974, 11 African countries to coordinate production and export policy log, seek reasonable timber market prices, decided to set up economic and trade organization. On 26 May 1975, these countries held a ministerial conference in Bangui, capital of the central African republic, and established the African forest economy and timber trade organization. In May 1976, at the convocation of Gabon and the third ministerial conference of the organization, the formal establishment of the African timber organization was announced with its headquarters in Libreville, Gabon's capital. The purposes and tasks are: to strengthen cooperation among member states; To coordinate policies on timber production, export and marketing in member states; Ensure the sale price of wood and wood products; To promote the exchange of information among member states on forestry issues and progress in industry and technology. Members: Cameroon, central African republic, Congo (gold) and Congo (cloth), equatorial guinea, Gabon, Ghana, ivory coast, Liberia, Madagascar, mozambique, Nigeria and Tanzania, SAO tome and principe, Angola 15 countries. The organization is the ministerial conference and the secretariat. Since 1994, the African timber organization has made "promoting sustainable forest management in the member states of the African timber organization" a priority task.
Since 2006, the African wood production and exporter to develop the deep processing industry of wood processing industry, especially wood, reasonable exploitation and protection forest, in order to better the economic and ecological go hand in hand. They point out that countries must develop forestry law suitable to its national conditions, to protect forest resources, the development of wood processing industry regulations and fiscal and tax incentives, gradually reduce the felling of log and export, increase the introduction of foreign capital and technology, and open to the private sector, to strengthen the construction of forest roads and electricity and other infrastructure, vigorously develops the modernization and integration of the wood industry, especially the full development of deep processing industry of wood, timber organization to Africa the Lagos plan of action required by the 50% goal of wood processing, so that the product has risen, so as to promote the development of African wood processing product market, We will enhance the competitiveness of the African timber industry in the international market and strive for a greater share of the world tropical timber market. African wood executive chairman, Congo (cloth), forestry, fisheries and aquatic resources secretary Henry Joan said, mankind has entered the 21st century, for African countries, how to reasonable development and protection of forest resources has become to ensure economic and social sustainable development of a crucial question, a long way to go.
3. Introduction of Gabon and Congolese gold in the African countries producing timber
(1) Gabon
Gabon is located in the west area of the Congo river basin, the forest coverage rate of 85%, has a "green gold" reputation, is the world's second largest "green lung", "big oxygen bar" in Africa, in more than 2000 hectares of 11000 kinds of plants growing in the forest. On the road everywhere can see a large timber truck, coastal development zone, wood processing plant, furniture factory one by one. Large logs floating on shore and left on the beach abound. Gabon is rich in okume wood, which has clear grain and fragrant smell.
Gabon has about 22 million hectares of forest. There are many trees in the forest with commercial exploitation value. The Gabon government has been encouraging local processing because wood processing can increase the added value of products, provide more jobs and create benefits for its citizens. Over time, Gabon's timber processing rate has risen from 7% in 1999 to 30% now. According to the government's target, the processing rate is expected to reach 75% by 2012 and 90% by 2025. In order to promote local processing, which has a lot of encouragement policy for processing products, such as processed products export shall be exempted from customs duties, is used in the production of the factory equipment on enjoys preferential import tariffs, and so on. Beginning in 2006, each factory shall submit to the government according to their own production capacity of a five-year plan, indicate the processing production and production line configuration details such as, the government will according to the production quantity and product category to dole out the corresponding log export quotas to every enterprise. 75% of deforestation can be exported, and the rest must be sold to local processing companies. The government of Gabon has taken a series of measures in recent years in response to the low level of industrialization in the forest industry. Introduced a new "forest law" at the end of 2001, for the development of the forest after the renovation, the establishment of wood processing enterprises, profit distribution, the participation of local villagers, forest management functions of the ministry of economic affairs, tax and so on has made a detailed regulations; Gabon's 20 million hectares of virgin forest have been developed and protected in the long term, of which 4 million hectares have been designated as national nature reserves. 8 million hectares for sustainable development and production; Eight million hectares of land close to cities and towns with good transport conditions will be used for urban peripheral USES and development activities. In order to ensure the reasonable and sustainable use of green resources, Gabon, plus the forest law has special regulations, any future want to add the enterprise engaged in the development of forest, must first set up his own timber processing plants; Companies that have already obtained forest development permits before the new forest law is enacted must also build processing plants. As a result, Gabon's timber processing rate has risen from 7% in 1999 to 20% in 2002. Now add forest industry employment for 6000 people directly, indirectly employment more than 10000 people, has become the second pillar industries of national economy, and add the second-largest source of national finance income.
(2) Congo (gold)
The Congo basin tropical forests of the Congo basin are the second largest tropical forests of the amazon basin in South America, and it's called the second lung of the earth, and more than half of it is located in the middle of the central African country of the Congo, and the Congo (Kim) has 125 million hectares of forest, and it's the world's most plentiful supply of wood, and the world's raw materials, the "central African gem" and "geological wonders". Copper, cobalt and industrial diamonds are the seventh, first and second largest producers in the world.
Recently, the United Nations food and agriculture organization (fao) will assist the government of the Congo (DRC) in developing forestry laws for future planned exploitation of forest resources. Congo has a lot of rivers and lakes, but Congolese people don't eat fish, and fish basically die of natural aging, and so do trees, with a high rate of natural damage. Congo Jin Senlin coverage rate of 53%, about 125 million hectares, accounting for half of African tropical forest area, of which 80 million hectares available for mining, annual timber can cut the amount of 6 million cubic meters, but at present only 620000 hectares. Rich in ebony, rosewood, rosewood, yellow lacquer wood, such as 22 valuable wood. At present, some local furniture factories such as shandong and dongguan in China use Congolese (gold) wood. Investment in Congolese gold and timber processing is a promising investment option. Congo's investment law is being revised. The investment law stipulates two preferential systems :(1) general preferential system. Every investment of not less than 10 million of enterprise currency, if investors are foreigners, source of 80% of the total investment in foreign countries, investment loan is less than 70%, can be applied for general preferential system of exemption from registration tax or fixed tax ratio, dividend exemption from income tax (exemption period for 5 years), exempt from occupied land tax (exemption period for 5 years), exempt from equipment, materials and spare parts, such as import tariffs, exempt from payroll taxes (tax holidays according to the employment, 1-5 years), to help realize the localization of foreign personnel, shall be exempt from individual income tax (exemption period for 5 years), exports of beneficial to balance international payments, Export duties shall be exempted, and local taxes shall be exempted for foreign enterprises located in foreign provinces (the period of exemption is 5 years). (2) preferential agreement system. Who meet the requirements of the general preferential system of investment, such as department, social development is of great significance to the country, and investment (more than 500 million firm currency), can apply for enjoying the preferential agreement system. In addition to the above general preferential treatment, the republic of Congo (DRC) may also grant relief from a variety of direct, indirect and other surcharges for a period of 10 years
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